The Vanguard Group, Inc., and Vanguard-affiliated companies ("Vanguard", "we", or "us") use cookies on our websites. This cookie policy provides you with detailed information about the types of cookies we use and the purposes for using those cookies. For information about how Vanguard collects, uses, and shares other types of information, please read our privacy policy.
This policy does not govern the use of our websites for Vanguard's US investors. To review the privacy policy that applies to US customers of Vanguard, please read our US privacy policy.
A cookie is a small file of letters and numbers that is stored on your computer, tablet, mobile phone, or other device when you visit a website. Cookies contain information that is transferred to or read on your device and allow websites to recognize devices and store certain information, such as user preferences. Cookies are used to distinguish you from other users of our website. This helps us to provide you with a useful experience when you browse our website and also allows us to improve our websites.
We and our third-party service providers use session cookies, which link your actions during a particular browser session and expire at the end of that session, as well as persistent cookies, which remain on your device and allow us to remember your actions or preferences across multiple browser sessions.
The cookies used on our website are categorized as follows:
"Strictly Necessary" cookies let you enter and move around the website and use essential features. Without these cookies, services and information you have asked for cannot be provided. We use these Strictly Necessary cookies primarily to identify you as having confirmed your eligibility to enter and use our website, and to make sure you connect to the right service on our website when we make any changes to the way the website works. Accepting these cookies is a condition of using the website, so if you prevent these cookies, we cannot guarantee your use of our website or how the security on our website will perform during your visit.
"Performance" cookies collect information about how you use our website, such as which pages you visit and any errors you experience. These cookies are used to help us improve how our website works and understand what interests our users. We use Performance cookies for:
Some of our Performance cookies are managed for us by third parties. However, we do not allow the third party to use the cookies for any purpose other than those listed above.
"Functionality" cookies help to provide services or to remember settings to improve your visit. We use Functionality cookies primarily to identify whether and when you've visited our website previously. Some of these cookies are managed for us by third parties, but we don't allow the third party to use the cookies for any purpose other than those listed above.
"Targeting" cookies permit us – through our third-party service providers – to identify whether and when you have seen or clicked on a particular Vanguard advertisement on a third-party website, as well as enabling us to target our advertising to you on other websites after you have visited our website. We partner with third parties to provide targeted advertising services that are customized based on your online activities over time and across unaffiliated websites ("Interest-Based Advertising"). These third parties may use cookies and web beacons to collect information about your activity on our websites, and they may combine it with information about your activity on other, unaffiliated websites. For example, third parties may use the fact that you visited the Vanguard websites to target ads for Vanguard services to you on non-Vanguard websites. In addition, our third-party advertising providers might use information about your use of our websites to help target non-Vanguard advertisements based on your online activity in general.
For more information about Interest-Based Advertising and how to opt out, please visit:
Although our websites currently do not respond to "do not track" browser headers, you can limit tracking by taking the steps discussed above. The use of online tracking mechanisms by third parties is subject to those third parties' own privacy policies, and not this cookie policy.
If you are concerned about having cookies on your computer, you can set your browser to refuse all cookies or to indicate when a cookie is being set, allowing you to decide whether to accept it. You can also delete cookies from your computer. The help feature on most web browsers will tell you how to prevent your browser from accepting new cookies, how to receive notice when a new cookie is set, and how to disable cookies altogether. However, if you choose to block or delete cookies, certain features of our websites may not operate correctly.
Unless you have adjusted your browser setting so that it will refuse cookies, Vanguard's system will issue cookies when you visit this website.
For further information about deleting or blocking cookies, please visit: http://www.allaboutcookies.org/manage-cookies/.